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Recently, some friends posted on the Internet, saying that on the geomagnetic map published by NASA, just like the map attached to Weibo below, when red and blue are used to represent the strength of the Earth’s magnetic field, there is an image above the South Atlantic. The area where the strength of the earth's magnetic field is very low (blue) is particularly large. Some reports used descriptions such as "fracture", "big pit", and "dent", as well as words such as "strange", "terrible", and "serious", rendering such an abnormal development violently, even with It is a disaster for mankind, because this phenomenon is directly related to geomagnetic reversal.
Netizens speak freely (replica hermes bags) Netizens speak freely (picture from the Internet) While everyone is actively participating in the discussion, there is no need to be overly nervous about these matters. The geomagnetic anomaly in the South Atlantic has been discovered and confirmed by scientists for more than 50 years, and it has existed for many, many years before that. There is no evidence or reliable theory that it will affect our human life. You failed the exam? I drove through a red light? The next door to the Lao Wang’s house is infertility... The geomagnetic abnormality is just like the gods believed by many people. For it, our human life is too small, and the troubles of you and me are not worth mentioning. Today we will talk about this "pit" that appears on the geomagnetic map. Some friends who like mysterious stories should have heard of the mysterious "Bermuda Triangle" area. In fact, this area is the corner of the South Atlantic that we are going to talk about. Many studies believe that when airplanes and ships pass through this area, communication and navigation are prone to errors, and even electronic instruments themselves fail, which eventually leads to accidents. These may be caused by magnetic fields and the characteristics of charged particles related to them. According to the measurement of the earth’s magnetic field, there is a large area over the South Atlantic that is 30-50% weaker than other regions in the world, and the rate of weakening is 10 times faster than other regions. Since it is very different from “normal”, it is called Be the South Atlantic Anomaly. Its center is in the Atlantic Ocean between South America and Africa, covering the southwestern part of South America, the southern tip of Africa, and the southern Atlantic Ocean between the two. What is the earth's magnetic field? The magnetic field is a special substance that is invisible and intangible. It is not composed of atoms or molecules, but actually exists. There is a magnetic field around the magnet, and the interaction between the magnets is mediated by the magnetic field, so the two magnets can work without contact. Mankind has known about magnets and their magnetism a long time ago, and invented the compass, because it always has one end straight to the south (the other end naturally points to the north). And our earth is actually like a big magnet. The north pole of the magnet is near the geographic south pole, and the south pole of the magnet is near the geographic north pole. There is a deviation of about 11° between the geomagnetic axis and the geographic axis. French scholar Pierre de Maricourt (Pierre de Maricourt) discussed in 1269 that he carefully marked the orientation of the iron needles at various positions near the block magnet, that is, the direction of the magnet is used to define the direction of the magnetic field. These marks describe a lot The lines are the magnetic field lines or magnetic field lines in the figure above. He found that the magnetic field lines converge at the opposite ends of the magnet, which he called the magnetic pole. As shown in the figure below, the magnetic field lines point from the north pole (N) to the south pole (S). Later, William Gilbert argued that the earth itself is a large magnet, and its two magnetic poles are located at the south pole and the north pole, so the magnet will point in the north-south direction when viewed on the ground. The magnetic field lines indicate the direction of the magnetic field, from the north pole (N) to the south pole (S) (picture from the Internet), the magnetic field lines indicate the direction of the magnetic field, from the north pole (N) to the south pole (S) (picture from the Internet) It seems that the size and direction of the earth's magnetic field in different places on the ground will not be exactly the same. There are some commonly used parameters that express the characteristics of the magnetic field. We are used to calling them 7 elements of geomagnetism, including the total strength of the magnetic field, the strength in the horizontal direction, the strength in the vertical direction, the strength to the east, and the strength to the north. Is the component, that is, the horizontal component, the vertical component, etc. It also includes the angle with the horizontal plane (magnetic dip) and the angle between the horizontal component and the north direction (magnetic declination, that is, the angle relative to the north ). These parameters are different in different places and also change over time. Our earth’s magnetic field has a double protective effect on the earth’s biosphere: one is to avoid the invasion of high-energy charged particles from outside, and the other is to reduce the escape of charged particles in the atmosphere. Because charged particles are subject to the "Lorentz force" that makes them turn when moving in a magnetic field, they are usually "constrained" around the magnetic field, and it is difficult for charged particles with strong energy to easily "surpass" the control of the lines of magnetic force. For high-energy particles from the universe (mainly the sun), when they "blow" toward the earth and encounter the earth's magnetic field, they will be bounced off by the magnetic field, or follow the magnetic field to a place far away on the night side of the earth, and some are far away from the earth. However, some have entered the space around our earth after "exhausted hardship"; for the charged particles of the earth (mainly formed by solar radiation), the earth's magnetic field also controls them to fly around the earth, making it difficult to leave. The earth’s South Atlantic geomagnetic anomaly is mainly an anomaly of magnetic field strength, which is about half the magnitude of the magnetic field strength in the normal area at the same latitude. Now we think that the force in the core and the tilt of the magnetic axis together produce anomalies, that is to say, when the earth, as a large magnet, forms a huge magnetic field in the core, the axis of the magnet is already off. It does not coincide with the Earth’s axis, but on the side farther away from the South Atlantic Ocean, and the magnetic axis has been drifting westward. Some complex and irregular shapes and processes have brought about an "abnormal" area of geomagnetism(Hermes Evelyne On Sale). Although the South Atlantic anomaly is caused by processes inside the earth, its impact extends far beyond the surface of the earth. This area may be dangerous for low-Earth orbit satellites passing through it. If a satellite is hit by a high-energy proton, it will short-circuit and cause an event called single event upset or single event upset. This may cause the satellite function to malfunction temporarily, or cause permanent damage when a critical component is hit. The various accidents in the "Bermuda Triangle" region we mentioned earlier are also related to processes related to magnetic fields and high-energy particles. However, the dangers we are talking about are limited to hundreds of kilometers above the South Atlantic. Only thousands of kilometers high in the air will have very high-energy charged particles that can affect you, human beings and human life. They will lose energy due to collisions in the atmosphere, and they will not reach you and me at all. Due to geomagnetic anomalies in the South Atlantic anomaly, the altitude will drop to several hundred kilometers, but! What is the concept of hundreds of kilometers? Airplanes generally only fly 10-20 kilometers high!
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